Txoj kev tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab siv tau zoo hauv kev lag luam niaj hnub no yog ntxiv ntau lub teeb stabilizers thaum lub sij hawm ua cov khoom yas raw khoom. Lawv tiv thaiv cov yas los ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txawv.
UV Absorber (UVA): Hom tshuaj ntxiv no ua zoo li "lub zog hloov hluav taws xob", xaiv absorbing teeb meem UV hluav taws xob thiab hloov nws mus rau qhov tsis muaj cua sov. Cov hom muaj xws li benzophenones (piv txwv li, UV-531), benzotriazoles (xws li, Tinuvin 326), thiab triazines (piv txwv li, UV-1577).
Hindered Amine Light Stabilizer (HALS): Tsis zoo li UVA, HALS tsis ncaj qha nqus UV lub teeb tab sis ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm "dawb radical scavenger", ntes thiab nruab nrab cov dawb radicals tsim thaum lub sij hawm photodegradation, yog li txiav tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm nws qhov chaw. Nws feem ntau siv synergistically nrog UVA kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo dua. Cov khoom lag luam muaj xws li UV-770, Chimassorb 944, thiab lwm yam.
Lub teeb Shielder: Qhov no yog txoj kev tiv thaiv lub cev, ua tiav los ntawm kev ntxiv cov tshuaj uas nqus los yog cuam tshuam UV lub teeb. Cov pa roj carbon dub yog qhov feem ntau, qis tshaj - tus nqi, thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tiv thaiv lub teeb, tiv thaiv UV rays. Cov xim dawb xws li TiO₂ (titanium dioxide) thiab ZnO (zinc oxide) kuj nquag siv rau lub hom phiaj no.
Lwm cov kev pabcuam stabilizers: Antioxidants zoo tiv thaiv thermal oxidative degradation thiab, thaum siv ua ke nrog UVA thiab HALS, tsim kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntau dua. Qee zaum, lwm hom stabilizers xws li quenchers kuj tau siv.
Yuav xaiv thiab ntxiv lawv li cas?
Synergy yog qhov tseem ceeb: Hauv kev xyaum, kev sib txuas lub teeb stabilizers nrog cov txheej txheem sib txawv feem ntau tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo dua li kev siv ib qho ntxiv. Piv txwv li, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm UV absorber (UVA) thiab hindered amine teeb stabilizer (HALS) muab kev tiv thaiv zoo rau sab hauv thiab sab nraud.
Dosage thiab processing: Cov qib ntxiv yog feem ntau qis. Rau ABS, piv txwv li, UV absorber cov ntsiab lus feem ntau yog nruab nrab ntawm 0.1-0.5%, thaum tag nrho cov huab cua additives feem ntau yog 3-5%. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm masterbatch kom yooj yim thiab tsis sib xws. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, kev tswj xyuas nruj ntawm kev ua haujlwm kub yog yuav tsum tau kom tsis txhob decomposition thiab deactivation ntawm cov additives.
Tshaj li kev koom ua ke ntxiv, muaj lwm txoj hauv kev los muab UV tiv thaiv rau cov yas:
Tom qab txheej txheej: Siv cov txheej txheem UV-resistant rau saum npoo ntawm daim ntawv yas molded, xws li organic-inorganic silica/titania (TiO₂) nano-multilayer films rau PC pob tshab qhov chaw, los yog nano-ceramic coatings.
Inorganic nanoparticle modification: Dispersing nano-sized inorganic hais (piv txwv li, nano-ZnO, TiO₂/SiO₂ composite systems) uniformly nyob rau hauv cov yas matrix kuj ho txhim kho cov UV tiv thaiv ntawm cov khoom.
Xaiv cov khoom siv los ntawm UV-resistant: Yog tias muaj kev tso cai, xaiv cov yas uas muaj UV-resistant yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj. Piv txwv li, fluoropolymers xws li PTFE thiab PVDF, ASA (acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate copolymer), thiab PMMA (acrylic) txhua tus muaj huab cua zoo.
Kev hloov khoom siv: Yog tias koj cov khoom siv yog ABS, koj tuaj yeem xav txog kev sib xyaw ASA resin nrog ABS. ASA tuaj yeem suav tau tias yog "hloov kho" version ntawm ABS, uas cov roj hmab UV-sensitive butadiene hloov nrog acrylate roj hmab uas muaj huab cua zoo heev. Yog li ntawd, ASA inherently muaj cov huab cua zoo heev thiab feem ntau siv rau hauv cov khoom uas xav tau kev pabcuam sab nraum zoov ntev; nws cov huab cua tuaj yeem ua tau zoo dua li 10 npaug ntawm ABS.
Thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov ntawv ABS, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem. Kev sib xyaw UV absorbers nrog antioxidants thiab inorganic hais xws li nano-ZnO lossis TiO₂ hauv ABS resin tau raug pov thawj los muab cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho cov khoom siv UV aging kuj.
