Tam sim no, lub ntsiab kev coj ntawm lub ntiaj teb automotive cov ntaub ntawv tshuab kev txhim kho yog teeb meem kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Cov txheeb ze sib npaug ntawm cov txheej txheej hauv Automotive yog tsawg, thiab kev siv cov plastics tsis txhob ua rau lub tsheb sab nraud thiab ua tiav lub hom phiaj txuag. Txo tus nqi tsheb tus kheej yog txhawm rau txhawm rau txo cov pa hluav taws xob, txhim kho kev sib txuas ua ke yog ib qho kev ntsuas zoo tshaj plaws. Raws li kev kwv yees, txhua 10% ntawm lub tsheb tus kheej tau txo, kev siv roj yuav tuaj yeem txo los ntawm 6% rau 8%.
Ⅰ. Kev faib tawm ntawm cov yas
(a) Raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev siv, plastics tau muab faib ua cov teeb meem dav dav, engineering plastics thiab tshwj xeeb plastics thiab tshwj xeeb. General-lub hom phiaj plastics saib mus rau plastics nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob loj, muaj cov kws ua kom zoo nkauj, xws li polyamide, polyulfone, polysulfone thiab li ntawd. Tshwj xeeb plastics muaj cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb, xws li fluoropoplastics thiab silicone.
(b) Raws li cov khoom siv lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg, tuaj yeem faib ua thermosetting cua thiab thermoplastics. Thermosetting drastics yog cov plastics uas tuaj yeem kho tau lossis muaj insoluble (molten) thaj chaw nyob rau hauv tshav kub lossis lwm yam xwm txheej. Qhov zoo ntawm thermosetting plastics yog lub zog zoo thiab lub cua sov kuj, thiab nws tsis yooj yim rau deform hauv qab siab; Qhov tsis zoo yog tias cov txheej txheem moulding yog qhov nyuaj thiab kev ua haujlwm ntau dua. Thermoplastic yas yog ib lub hnab yas uas tuaj yeem rov ua kom sov kom ua kom tawv thiab txias rau hauv qhov ntsuas kub tshwj xeeb. Nws cov txiaj ntsig yog cov txheej txheem yooj yim molding, cov khoom lag luam zoo, qee yam khoom siv, tuaj yeem rov ua dua tshiab siv dua tshiab; Qhov tsis zoo yog cov ua cua sov tsis kam, qis tawv.
Ⅱ. Kev sib xyaw ntawm cov plastics
Cov txheej txheej hluavtaws raws li cov khoom siv hluavtaws zoo, ntxiv cov nqi ntxiv ntawm cov quav ntxiv kom nce cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua tau zoo. Cov khoom sib ntxiv yog: fitters thiab txhawb cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub qhwv, cov tshuaj tua hluav taws, cov tshuaj tua hluav taws, cov tshuaj tua kab mob, nplaim taws retardants thiab lwm yam.
Ⅲ. Hloov Kho Kom Muaj
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov plastics yog qhia nyob rau hauv lub teeb hnyav, zoo heev kev xav tau, zoo heev kev xav, kev nyab xeeb, corrosion tsis kam, ua kom zoo nkauj Styling thiab kev nplij siab, thiab lwm yam, thiab muaj txiaj ntsig kom txo cov nqi thiab txuag cov khoom siv cov khoom siv. Txawm li cas los xij, vim cov neeg txom nyem sab nraud ntawm cov plastics zoo li, thermal expansion, yooj yim rau lub hnub nyoog, thiab lwm yam, muaj ntau yam ntawm cov yam ntxwv tsis tuaj yeem piv nrog cov khoom siv hlau. Yog li ntawd, cov yas siv nyob rau hauv automobiles tsis yog ib hom, tab sis tom qab hloov kho, tseem hu ua "hloov plastics".
Ⅳ. Daim ntawv thov ntawm plastics
Nrog kev txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv yas txuas ntxiv, cov ntaub ntawv yas uas siv tau, cov ntaub pua plag hauv kev sib sau ua lag luam cov ntawv thov txuas ntxiv mus nthuav dav.
Thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO-based) nanocomposite lag luam, muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws, kev kub ntxhov, tsawg-kub tsis ua brittle thiab yooj yim rov qab. Toyota yuav nano-polypropylene Composite cov khoom siv rau tsheb pem hauv ntej thiab tom qab lub buabness ntawm tus thawj ntawm tus thawj los ntawm 4mm, qhov hnyav, poob phaus txog 1\/3. Toyota kuj tau pib ua ib qho kev ua tiav ntawm Polypropylene Nanocomposite cov ntaub ntawv rau hauv Automotive sab hauv. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm nanoparticles tsis tsuas yog txhim kho lub zog, nruj, kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, thiab lwm yam kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam kev lag luam ntawm polymer nanocomposites.
Ntau cov khoom lag luam txawv teb chaws tsheb siv tsis muaj ib tus neeg tsim chaw siv lub qhov rooj, tsis yog muaj zog, hauv lub lag luam tsis muaj cuab yeej tau siv dav. Tam sim no, kev siv cov khoom siv hauv kev ua lag luam hauv tsev tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov khoom siv tawv tawv thiab cov khoom siv muag muag ntawm ob hom. Hard dashboard feem ntau hloov kho cov ntawv me me uas siv cov yas moulding, hauv kev siv tsheb siv tsheb. Cov Khoom Taw Qhia Cov Khoom Siv Hauv Panels rau Polyurethane Raint Feam Moulding, feem ntau yog siv hauv nruab nrab thiab high-kawg tsheb.
