Taiwan tsoomfwv yog ua kom muaj zog rau cov neeg siv kev siv cov khoom yas uas siv cov khoom siv, uas dov dav dav rau cov khoom siv ib zaug xws li cov qhwv, cov hnab, lub khob thiab cov tais diav.
Kev txiavtxim ntawm Tsoomfwv Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb (Environmental Protection Administration), uas tau tshaj tawm Feb 13, yuav muab dov rau hauv peb theem ua ntej xyoo tom ntej, tab sis nws yuav yog ib txoj cai qeeb qeeb, nrog cov kev hloov uas tsis siv tag nrho txog 2030.
Yog hais tias txhua tus ua haujlwm, nws yuav yog ib qho ntawm lub ntiaj teb txoj cai toughest tsom rau cov khoom siv ib zaug xwb.
Environmental groups qhuas nws, thaum cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov khoom lag luam tau hloov los ntawm kev tsis txaus siab rau kev txhawj xeeb tias cov khoom siv plab hlaub tawm tsis pom.
Yas straws yuav ua ntej. Pib xyoo tom ntej, cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus thiab haus dej yuav tsis muaj peev xwm muab rau lawv siv hauv khw, thiab hauv xyoo 2020, lawv yuav raug txwv los ntawm kev pub dawb. Thaum txog 2025, yuav raug nplua rau kev siv siv, thiab thaum xyoo 2030, lawv yuav raug txwv tag nrho.
Cov hnab yas, khob haus dej thiab cov tais diav yuav raug rau cov kev txiav nyiaj txiag zoo ib yam li 12 xyoos tom ntej, nrog rau cov kev txwv tag nrho rau 2030.
Taiwan tus EPA tau hais nyob rau hauv nqe lus hais tias nws tau ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv khib nyiab tawm txij thaum 2002, thaum nws nug cov khw muag khoom noj kom pib them nyiaj rau lub hnab. Nws hais tias nws muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog cov pa phem nyob hauv dej hiav txwv thiab dej ntws.
"Lub koom haum EPA thiab cov koom haum tiv thaiv kab ke tsim kev sib tham thiab kev pom zoo los ntawm cov neeg ntawm txhua txoj haujlwm hauv lub neej, suav nrog cov pej xeem, cov khw muag khoom yas thiab cov lag luam nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm 'txo cov yas, yas, xoom yas, lub EPA tau hais.
"Lub zog quab yuam tom qab tswj kev tiv thaiv kabmob no yog los ntawm tsoomfwv thiab cov tsis muaj kev lag luam thiab tib lub sijhawm muaj kev pabcuam pejxeem," lub koom haum said.
EPA tau hais tias nws tsiv maj mam tso cai rau kev lag luam thiab cov pej xeem kho.
"Peb cia siab tias lub sijhawm 2030 thiab kev siv txoj cai los pab tsim khoom lag luam, cov tub lag luam thiab cov pej xeem sawv daws los teb thaum ntxov li ntxov," nws hais. "Txoj kev lag luam muaj peev xwm tsim cov khoom siv tshiab lossis cov qauv kev siv tshiab [xws li kev sib koom siv], thiab pej xeem tuaj yeem hloov lawv cov cwj pwm kev pov tseg, ua kom lub chaw nyob thiab txo cov khoom pov tseg."
Greenpeace, uas tau ua haujlwm nrog EPA thiab ib cheeb tsam ntawm ib cheeb tsam ntawm txoj cai raws li ib txoj kev npaj tsib xyoos ntawm kev tswj cov kev tswj xeeb ua kev lag luam, hais tias plaub yam khoom raug xaiv raws li qhov teeb meem hauv zos cov chaw tu tsiaj.
Yen Ning, tus neeg tsav nkoj hlaus hauv Greenpeace East Asia lub hoobkas Taiwan, nws tau ntseeg hais tias txoj cai tshiab raug txais tos los ntawm cov pej xeem.
"Kuv xav tias ntau thiab ntau tus neeg Taiwanese paub hais tias marine pollution yog nyob ze," nws hais. "[Cov cai ua rau] cov neeg xav tias tsoomfwv yeej kam ua ib yam dab tsi rau qhov teebmeem no, tsis tas li ntawd, yuav muaj kev thim rov qab rau qhov no."
Yen hais tias thaum nws thiab lwm cov neeg khiav haujlwm xav xav kom sai dua, nws to taub EPA lub suab qeeb qeeb.
Nws hais rau Taiwan qhov microbead txiav npluav raws li ib qho piv txwv ntawm txoj kev ua tau zoo qeeb. Taiwan cov tag nrho txiav npluav rau microbeads yuav nkag mus rau hauv cov nyhuv no lub Xya hli ntuj. Nws ntxiv tias qhov levy tam sim no rau ntawm cov hnab yas kuj muaj qee yam kev cuam tshuam rau kev txo kev siv.
Nws hais tias nws tsis txhawj txog pej xeem txoj kev muaj peev xwm hloov tau.
"Lawv muaj lub tswv yim los txo cov kev pab," nws hais. "Nws yuav tsim ib co kev tsis txaus siab, tab sis nws yog qhov siv tau rau cov tib neeg los saib txog qhov kev tawm tsam."
Plastics processors, ntawm qhov tod tes, tau sib xyaw ua ke, xws li pom los ntawm kev xav tau los txhim kho kom nyuaj rau kev npaj rau kev txwv txiav.
Taiwan, nrog cov pejxeem roughly tib yam li Texas, muaj kev lag luam loj loj. Nws cov yas thiab rubber machinery sector, piv txwv li, yog lub thib-thib loj exporter ntawm xws khoom nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no.
Ib tug nom nrog lub Taiwan Plastics Industry Association seemed resigned rau cov kev cai.
"Ib qho teeb meem yog ib qho tseem ceeb," said Deputy Secretary Chen Xu. "Peb tuaj yeem ua kom pom tseeb thiab ua cov khoom tshiab - piv txwv, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub yas tiv thaiv thiab tshuab hluav taws xob tiv thaiv.
"Ib yam li lwm cov kev cai ntawm ib puag ncig, peb tsuas yog xav nrhiav ib txoj hauv kev nrog nws," Chen hais. "Peb yuav tsum ua kom zoo dua qub thiab txhim kho kom zoo dua qub rau peb lub tshuab kom tsim cov khoom tsim dua tshiab, thaum pib, yuav muaj kev hloov, tab sis qeeb peb yuav hloov."
Taiwan qhov kev lag luam biopolymers reacted nrog ntau txhawj xeeb.
Esmy Huang, tus thawj coj ntawm tus neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Biodegradable plastics Manufacturer Minima Technology Co. Ltd. nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Taichung, said txoj cai tau muab Taiwan txoj kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam mus ua ib qho kev ntxhov siab.
Nws hais tias tsis ntev los no, nws tau txais ntau cov ntawv thov los ntawm lwm lub tshuab kev lag luam rau nws cov khoom. Minima hais tias nws cov biodegradable polymers yog tsim rau cov khoom siv ib zaug xws li hnab, tais diav thiab straws, thiab lawv yog compostable.
Huang hais tias yog incinerated, cov khoom ua si ntawm cov kua compostable tso carbon dioxide emissions dua li cov tshuaj yas. Lub tuam txhab ua haujlwm nrog cov hom loj xws li Starbucks thiab 7-kaum ib hauv Taiwan thiab thoob ntiaj teb.
Minima CEO Huang Qianming, leej twg yog tus thawj coj ntawm Taiwan tus Ib Cheeb Tsam Biodegradable Polymer Association, qhia kev ntxhov siab hauv EPA.
"Tus EPA txoj hauj lwm yog los qhia cov neeg siv, tsis txhob qhuab qhia lawv, Cov kev cai no yog txhua yam hais txog kev qhuab qhia, thiab nws cuam tshuam txog cov cai ntawm cov neeg tau txais kev pab," nws hais.
"Cov tsoom fwv tsis paub qhov txawv ntawm cov khoom siv li cas thiab cov khoom ua si ntawm cov khoom ua si ntawm cov khoom siv rau ib leeg uas siv cov khoom siv ntawm PLA, PPS, PPSA, PPAG thiab PHA."
Raws li Minima tus Huang, ib qho levy rau cov hnab yas qub dhau los tau tso cai rau cov hnab ntim khoom kom muag tau rau dawb ntawm cov khw muag khoom 7-kaum ib.
Xws li cov lag luam yog cov lag luam loj hauv Taiwan, uas muaj kwv yees li 5,200 7-Eleven khw muag khoom thiab, qee qhov kwv yees, qhov ntau tshaj ntawm cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus hauv ntiaj teb, piv rau nws cov pejxeem ntawm 23.5 lab.
Nws hais tias txoj cai tshiab yuav cuam tshuam txog cov khoom ntawm cov hnab compostable.
"Peb tau ntsib nrog ntau tus neeg ntawm EPA kom lawv yaum kom lawv tau 100 lub hnab compostable tsis muaj hnab yas," Huang Qianming said. "Peb tau sib tham nrog lawv ob peb zaug, tab sis lawv yuav tsis hloov cov cai, Tsis yog hais txog kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, nws yog kev ua haujlwm ntawm bureaucracy."
Nws tsis muab.
"Luckily, Taiwan muaj cov cuab yeej no rau lub kua compostable," nws hais. "Nws yog ib qho kev txaj muag rau tsoomfwv tsis xav kom peb siv nws, peb tseem yuav nrog cov nom tswv tham."
Tab sis Greenpeace tus Yen hais tias lub hnab yas compostable tseem ua teeb meem.
"Peb tsis muaj compost thaj chaw [hauv Taiwan] yog li ntawd cov khoom uas muaj biodegradable mus rau incinerators," nws hais. "Yog hais tias peb xav txhawb nqa cov roj biodegradable, peb xav tau cov cheebtsam qoob loo nrog qhov no.
"Nws muaj qee qhov kev txhawj xeeb," nws hais. "Yog hais tias tso tseg nyob rau ntawm lub seaside, lawv tsis muaj peev xwm biodegrade, thiaj li tsis muaj qhov sib txawv nrog cov tshuaj yas."
Tus EPA hais tias cov khoom siv roj hmab tsis tau siv tau rau lwm cov khoom thiab nws tau pom tias cov khoom uas muaj ntau yam siv.
Tab sis nws hais tias nws xav kom tsom kwm txoj cai no rau txiav rov qab rau "ib yam khoom tsis-cov khoom tseem ceeb."
Hauv zos xov xwm, piv txwv li, hais EPA hais tias nws xav txo cov hnab yas siv ntawm 700 hnab ib tus neeg hauv ib lub xyoo tam sim no rau 100 ntawm 2025 thiab xoom los ntawm 2030.
"Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, txoj kev lag luam yuav tsim cov khoom siv tshiab rau cov khoom tsim los tsim cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo," EPA said.
